The Comparison of Two Texts about Osage Indians

The authors have different ideas with each other. In the first text we read that Indians are not civilized .They are cruel and they are always looking for revenge, and the are emotionless, they never show their feelings toward their family, they show their anger toward their enemy. They are brave and they rush to battles .they are selfish and always admire each other. Sometimes they are kind and sometimes they are cruel .The author believes that they should be killed.

The second author believes that Indians are having comfortable and civilized life. They are very honest .They are handsome and they take care of their appearance. Indians are adventurous people and in this case they can be tempted easily .The author believes that they are white people who are always suspicious about them .He believes that Indians are enjoying their life and as people say they are not taciturn, unbending or without tear or smile .In their own society they are great mimics and buffoons, and they entertain themselves, however in sadness and dead of somebody they are very sensitive and they cry hardly.

So, the first text mostly describes the negative aspects of Indians; but, the second txt has a completely different idea and mostly talks about the positive aspects of the Indians.

But I don’t really know which one I should believe on, for, I don’t have any reliable information about Indians and their lives.

MARYAM SADAT KIAEE

A Portrait of My Father

I think I know my father well ,he is a knowledgeable person ,he tries hard in order to achieve his goals ,he is very active in studying and he also reads different books and he searches through internet almost every day ,I can easily say that he always up to date ,he read a lot about politics ,however he can’t make a successful politician for he is so kind and sympathetic and even he himself is not interested in being a politician.

He really slow in making decisions and he spend a lot of time evaluating the decision which he wants to make .He has a quiet can calm personality and rarely becomes angry. He is generous and forgives everyone easily.

He has an attractive appearance, he is tall enough and he is really handsome, everyone around him appreciates his way of clothing.

He is in speaking in public .he speaks very well in different places or different circumstances, he speaks logical and gives persuasive reasons for what he says and that’s why he has gained respect among his family and friends . He enjoys being in circle of friends rather than relatives.

I think life has opened his arms towards him and destiny has put in the right place, he is really successful and he has everything he deserves to have .Totally he has a lovely character and I’m proud of him.

The End

Autobiography

My name is Maryam Sadat Kiaee was born on 17 th Nov 1987 in Tehran .When I was

three , I went to kindergarten for my mother was working as a teacher.

At age of 5 , I started learning English in an institute by my father’s encouragement and

soon I showed eagerness to the new language, but after one year we traveled to Borondi (an African country)for my father’s job. There I went to pre –primary school and I learnt a bit of French , but when we came back to Iran after one year ,I forgot all because I didn’t have anyone to speak with.

I started primary school in Tehran, in Hejrat primary school. When I was grade 2 again we traveled, this time we went to Malavi which was also an African country, we stayed there for 1 year .I was going to English school there from morning till afternoon ,and I was studying my Persian studies at home by help of my mother .I had an enjoyable year in Malavi but I missed my grand parents who where in Iran and I also had a very close relationship with them. After one year we packed an came back to our hometown.

At grade 3 I went to school here and after finishing grade 3 again we traveled ,this time we went to New Zealand, in this trip it was four of us who were traveling ,we had a new member in our family and that was my new born brother. In NZ I went to school and my English improved mostly there. After being there for 2 years we came back to Iran and I starter my intermediate school here and fortunately I finished the whole level here.

For the first year of high school I went to Farhang high school but unfortunately I didn’t have the chance to continue my studies there for we had to go to Ghana. It was very hard for me to accept this reality ,because I was in the most important years of my educational life ,and I was also going to face konkoor soon, but I couldn’t do any thing and I had to go with my family. Finally we traveled to Ghana and we stayed there for 3 years, I studied all my books at home by myself, and I prepared myself for konkoor .I finished my pre-university there and I wrote my exams in Iran embassy, after 3 years we came back and I went through konkoor and I got accepted in Al-Zahra university in English literature, in summer of the same year I engaged to my husband and after 8 months we had our wedding party and we started life together.

Benjamin Franklin

Early life

Benjamin Franklin was born on Milk Street in Boston on January 17, 1706^[2] and baptized at Old South Meeting House. His father, Josiah Franklin, was a tallow chandler, a maker of candles and soap, whose second wife, Abiah Folger, was Benjamin's mother. Josiah's marriages produced 17 children; Benjamin was the fifteenth child and youngest son. Josiah wanted Ben to attend school with the clergy but only had enough money to send him to school for two years. He attended Boston Latin School but did not graduate; he continued his education through voracious reading. Although "his parents talked of the church as a career" for Franklin, his schooling ended when he was ten. He then worked for his father for a time and at 12 he became an apprentice to his brother James, a printer. When Ben was 15, James created the New England Courant, the first truly independent newspaper in the colonies. When denied the option to write to the paper, Franklin invented the pseudonym of Mrs. Silence Dogood, who was ostensibly a middle-aged widow. The letters were published in the paper and became a subject of conversation around town. Neither James nor the Courant's readers were aware of the ruse, and James was unhappy with Ben when he discovered the popular correspondent was his younger brother. Franklin left his apprenticeship without permission and in so doing became a fugitive.^[3]

Success as author

In 1733, Franklin began to publish the famous Poor Richard's Almanack (with content both original and borrowed) under the pseudonym Richard Saunders, on which much of his popular reputation is based. Franklin frequently wrote under pseudonyms. Although it was no secret that Franklin was the author, his Richard Saunders character repeatedly denied it. "Poor Richard's Proverbs," adages from this almanac, such as "A penny saved is twopence dear" (often misquoted as "A penny saved is a penny earned"), "Fish and visitors stink in three days" remain common quotations in the modern world. Wisdom in folk society meant the ability to provide an apt adage for any occasion, and Franklin's readers became well prepared. He sold about ten thousand copies per year (a circulation equal to nearly three million today).^[3]

In 1758, the year in which he ceased writing for the Almanack, he printed Father Abraham's Sermon, also known as The Way to Wealth. Franklin's autobiography, published after his death, has become one of the classics of the genre.

Ambassador to France: 1776-1785

In December 1776, Franklin was dispatched to France as commissioner for the United States. He lived in a home in the Parisian suburb of Passy, donated by Jacques-Donatien Le Ray de Chaumont who supported the United States. Franklin remained in France until 1785, and was such a favorite of French society that it became fashionable for wealthy French families to decorate their parlors with a painting of him. He was highly flirtatious in the French manner (but did not have any actual affairs). He conducted the affairs of his country towards the French nation with great success, which included securing a critical military alliance in 1778 and negotiating the Treaty of Paris (1783). During his stay in France, Benjamin Franklin as a freemason was Grand Master of the Lodge Les Neuf Sœurs from 1779 until 1781. His number was 24 in the Lodge. He was also a Past Grand Master of Pennsylvania.

President of Pennsylvania

Special balloting conducted 18 November 1785 unanimously elected Franklin the sixth President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, replacing John Dickinson. The office of President of Pennsylvania was analogous to the modern position of Governor. It is not clear why Dickinson needed to be replaced with less than two weeks remaining before the regular election. Franklin held that office for slightly over three years, longer than any other, and served the Constitutional limit of three full terms. Shortly after his initial election he was re-elected to a full term on 29 October 1785, and again in the fall of 1786 and on 31 October 1787. Officially, his term concluded on 5 November 1788, but there is some question regarding the de facto end of his term, suggesting that the aging Franklin may not have been actively involved in the day-to-day operation of the Council toward the end of his time in office.

O.Henry

Early life

Porter was born on September 11, 1862, in Greensboro, North Carolina. His middle name at birth was Sidney; he changed the spelling in 1898. His parents were Dr. Algernon Sidney Porter (1825–1888) and Mary Jane Virginia Swain Porter (1833–1865); they were married April 20, 1858. When William was three, his mother died from tuberculosis, and he and his father moved into the home of his paternal grandmother.

As a child, Porter was constantly reading. He read everything from classics to dime novels. His favorite reading was One Thousand and One Nights.

Porter graduated from his aunt Evelina Maria Porter's elementary school in 1876. He then enrolled at the Lindsey Street High School. His aunt continued to tutor him until he was 15. In 1879, he started working as a bookkeeper in his uncle's drugstore and in 1881, at the age of nineteen, he was licensed as a pharmacist. At the drugstore, he also showed off his natural artistic talents by sketching the townsfolk.

Stories

O. Henry stories are famous for their surprise endings, to the point that such an ending is often referred to as an "O. Henry ending." He was called the American answer to Guy de Maupassant. Both authors wrote twist endings, but O. Henry stories were much more playful and optimistic.^{[citation needed]}

Most of O. Henry's stories are set in his own time, the early years of the 20th century. Many take place in New York City, and deal for the most part with ordinary people: clerks, policemen, waitresses. His stories are also well known for witty narration.

Fundamentally a product of his time, O. Henry's work provides one of the best English examples of catching the entire flavor of an age. Whether roaming the cattle-lands of Texas, exploring the art of the "gentle grafter," or investigating the tensions of class and wealth in turn-of-the-century New York, O. Henry had an inimitable hand for isolating some element of society and describing it with an incredible economy and grace of language.

Some of his best and least-known work resides in the collection Cabbages and Kings, a series of stories which each explore some individual aspect of life in a paralytically sleepy Central American town while each advancing some aspect of the larger plot and relating back one to another in a complex structure which slowly explicates its own background even as it painstakingly erects a town which is one of the most detailed literary creations of the period.

The Four Million is another collection of stories. It opens with a reference to Ward McAllister's "assertion that there were only 'Four Hundred' people in New York City who were really worth noticing. But a wiser man has arisen—the census taker—and his larger estimate of human interest has been preferred in marking out the field of these little stories of the 'Four Million.'" To O. Henry, everyone in New York counted. He had an obvious affection for the city, which he called "Bagdad-on-the-Subway,"^[1] and many of his stories are set there—but others are set in small towns and in other cities.

Among his stories are:

• A Municipal Report" which opens by quoting Frank Norris: "Fancy a novel about Chicago or Buffalo, let us say, or Nashville, Tennessee! There are just three big cities in the United States that are 'st"ory cities'—New York, of course, New Orleans, and, best of the lot, San Francisco." Thumbing his nose at Norris, O. Henry sets the story in Nashville.

• "The Gift of the Magi" about a young couple who are short of money but desperately want to buy each other Christmas gifts. Unbeknownst to Jim, Della sells her most valuable possession, her beautiful hair, in order to buy a platinum fob chain for Jim's watch; while unbeknownst to Della, Jim sells his own most valuable possession, his watch, to buy jeweled combs for Della's hair. The essential premise of this story has been copied, re-worked, parodied, and otherwise re-told countless times in the century since it was written.

• "The Ransom of Red Chief", in which two men kidnap a boy of ten. The boy turns out to be so bratty and obnoxious that the desperate men ultimately pay the boy's father $250 to take him back.

• "The Cop and the Anthem" about a New York City hobo named Soapy, who sets out to get arrested so he can spend the cold winter as a guest of the city jail. Despite efforts at petty theft, vandalism, disorderly conduct, and "mashing," Soapy fails to draw the attention of the police. Disconsolate, he pauses in front of a church, where an organ anthem inspires him to clean up his life—whereupon he is promptly arrested for loitering.

• "A Retrieved Reformation", which tells the tale of safecracker Jimmy Valentine, recently freed from prison. He goes to a town bank to check it over before he robs it. As he walks to the door, he catches the eye of the banker's beautiful daughter. They immediately fall in love and Valentine decides to give up his criminal career. He moves into the town, taking up the identity of Ralph Spencer, a shoemaker. Just as he is about to leave to deliver his specialized tools to an old associate, a lawman who recognizes him arrives at the bank. Jimmy and his fiancée and her family are at the bank, inspecting a new safe, when a child accidentally gets locked inside the airtight vault. Knowing it will seal his fate, Valentine opens the safe to rescue the child. However, the lawman lets him go.

• "After Twenty Years", set on a dark street in New York, focuses on a man named "Silky" Bob who is fulfilling an appointment made 20 years ago to meet his friend Jimmy at a restaurant. A beat cop questions him about what he is doing there. Bob explains, and the policeman leaves. Later, a second policeman comes up and arrests Bob. He gives Bob a note, in which the first policeman explains that he was Jimmy, come to meet Bob, but he recognized Bob as a wanted man. Unwilling to arrest his old friend, he went off to get another officer to make the arrest.

• "Compliments of the Season" describes several characters' misadventures during Christmas [1].

Origin of his pen name

In a 1909 New York Times interview, Porter gave his version of the origin of his pseudonym "O. Henry":

It was during these New Orleans days that I adopted my pen name of O. Henry. I said to a friend: "I'm going to send out some stuff. I don't know if it amounts to much, so I want to get a literary alias. Help me pick out a good one." He suggested that we get a newspaper and pick a name from the first list of notables that we found in it. In the society columns we found the account of a fashionable ball. "Here we have our notables," said he. We looked down the list and my eye lighted on the name Henry, "That'll do for a last name," said I. "Now for a first name. I want something short. None of your three-syllable names for me." "Why don’t you use a plain initial letter, then?" asked my friend. "Good," said I, "O is about the easiest letter written, and O it is."
…
A newspaper once wrote and asked me what the O stands for. I replied, "O stands for Olivier the French for Oliver." And several of my stories accordingly appeared in that paper under the name Olivier Henry. ^[2]

STEPHEN CRANE

Stephen Crane (November 1, 1871 – June 5, 1900) was an American novelist, poet and journalist. The eighth surviving child of highly devout parents—his father was a Methodist minister and his mother was a member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union—Crane was mostly raised by his older siblings in various parts of New Jersey. After attending several post-secondary institutions, including Claverack College, Lafayette College, and Syracuse University, he left schooling behind and traveled to New York to work as a reporter of slum life.

Crane's first novel was 1893's Maggie: A Girl of the Streets, which he followed with numerous short stories, poems, and accounts of war, all of which earned him praise but did not bring him the great acclaim he received for his 1895 Civil War novel The Red Badge of Courage. Capitalizing on the novel's success, Crane became a highly paid war correspondent, covering conflicts in Greece and Cuba for newspaper tycoons William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer. During the last year of his life he took refuge in the south of England, where he lived with his common-law wife, Cora Taylor, the former madam of a Jacksonville brothel. Plagued by exhaustion and ill health, Stephen Crane died of tuberculosis in a sanatorium in the Black Forest at the age of twenty-eight. Today he is considered one of the most innovative writers to emerge in the United States during the 1890s and one of the founders of Literary realism

Literary

Crane is noted for his early employment of naturalism, a literary style in which characters face realistically portrayed and often bleak circumstances, but Crane emphasized impressionistic imagery and biblical symbolism rather than graphic realism. Crane's realism, writes William Peden, "is often more impressionistic than photographic; his interest in psychological probing, his innovations in technique and style, and his use of imagery, paradox and symbolism give much of his best work a romantic rather than a naturalistic quality. Both realism and symbolism, the two major directions of modern fiction, have their American beginnings in Crane's work."^[82]

H.G. Wells adds that the painterly quality of Crane's prose, "the great influence of the studio", should not be ignored: "...in the persistent selection of the essential elements of an impression, in the ruthless exclusion of mere information, in the direct vigor with which the selected points are made, there is Whistler even more than there is Tolstoi in The Red Badge of Courage." Wells then selects, "almost haphazard," the following lines from that work to illustrate his point: "At nightfall the column broke into regimental pieces, and the fragments went into the fields to camp. Tents sprang up like strange plants. Camp fires, like red, peculiar blossoms, dotted the night. ...From this little distance the many fires, with the black forms of men passing to and fro before the crimson rays, made weird and satanic effects."

Stephen Crane's work was described by Wells as "the first expression of the opening mind of a new period, or, at least, the early emphatic phase of a new initiative."^[83] Crane's peers, including Joseph Conrad and Henry James, as well as later writers such as Robert Frost, Ezra Pound and Willa Cather, have hailed Crane as one of the finest creative spirits of his time

Death

After a fruitless attempt to improve his health in Greece, Crane died of tuberculosis in Badenweiler, Germany, on June 5, 1900. He is buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Hillside, New Jersey.

GOOD LUCK